\documentclass[11pt,austrian,twocolumn]{article}
%\documentclass[10pt,czech]{article}
\usepackage[latin2]{inputenc}
\usepackage{a4}
\pagestyle{plain}
\usepackage{babel}

\oddsidemargin1cm
\columnsep1cm
\columnseprule.5pt
\textwidth16cm
\parindent0em
\parskip1.5ex plus 0.5ex minus 0.5ex
\renewcommand{\baselinestretch}{1.2}

\newcommand{\3}{\ss}
\newcommand{\8}{\r{u}}
\newcommand{\y}{\a'{y}}
\newcommand{\2}[1]{\v #1}
\newcommand{\m}{\begin{em} m \end{em}}          %{\em m}
\newcommand{\f}{\begin{em} f \end{em}}          %{\em f}
\newcommand{\n}{\begin{em} n \end{em}}          %{\em n}
\newcommand{\mf}{\begin{em} m/f \end{em}}       %{\em m/f}
\newcommand{\p}{\begin{em} pf. \end{em}}        %{\em pf.}
\newcommand{\ip}{\begin{em} impf. \end{em}}     %{\em impf.}
\newcommand{\iup}{\begin{em} (im)pf. \end{em}}  %{\em (im)pf.}
\newcommand{\A}{\begin{em} Adv. \end{em}}       %{\em Adv.}
\newcommand{\Pl}{\begin{em} Pl. \end{em}}       %{\em Pl.}
\newcommand{\K}{\begin{em} Komp. \end{em}}      %{\em Komp.}
\newcommand{\Dim}{\begin{em} Dim. \end{em}}     %Diminutiv
\newcommand{\F}{\begin{sf} F \end{sf}}     	%familiär, umgangssprachlich
\newcommand{\fig}{\begin{em} fig. \end{em}}     %figurativ
\newcommand{\afig}{\begin{em} (a. fig.) \end{em}}     %auch figurativ
\newcommand{\idkl}{\begin{em} idkl. \end{em}}   %indeklinabel
\newcommand{\ra}{$\rightarrow$\ }
\newcommand{\koll}{\begin{em} koll. \end{em}}   %kollektiv
\newcommand{\Kj}{\begin{em} Kj. \end{em}}       %Konjunktion    
\newcommand{\Pop}{\begin{sf} P \end{sf}}     	%populär, derb
\newcommand{\Prp}{\begin{em} Prp. \end{em}}     %Präposition
\newcommand{\au}{\begin{em} a. \end{em}}        %auch
\newcommand{\ad}{\begin{em} (Adj.) \end{em}}    %adjektivische Deklination
\newcommand{\ifdek}{\begin{em} (i-Dekl.) \end{em}} %i- Deklination (fem.)
\newcommand{\idek}{\begin{em} (í-Dekl.) \end{em}}  %í- Deklination (neutr.)
\newcommand{\Inf}{\begin{em} Inf. \end{em}}        %Inf.
\newcommand{\odInf}{\begin{em} od. Inf. \end{em}}  %od. Inf.
\newcommand{\vi}{\begin{em} v/i \end{em}}       %v. intransitiv
\newcommand{\vt}{\begin{em} v/t \end{em}}       %v. transitiv
\newcommand{\od}{\begin{em} od. \end{em}}       %oder
\newcommand{\Anat}{\begin{em} Anat. \end{em}}   %Anat.
\newcommand{\Bot}{\begin{em} Bot. \end{em}}     %Bot.
\newcommand{\Chem}{\begin{em} Chem. \end{em}}   %Chem.
\newcommand{\EDV}{\begin{em} EDV \end{em}}      %EDV
\newcommand{\El}{\begin{em} El. \end{em}}       %El.
\newcommand{\Esb}{\begin{em} Esb. \end{em}}     %Esb.
\newcommand{\Gr}{\begin{em} Gr. \end{em}}       %Gr.
\newcommand{\Jur}{\begin{em} Jur. \end{em}}     %Jur.
\newcommand{\Kfz}{\begin{em} Kfz. \end{em}}     %Kfz.
\newcommand{\lit}{\begin{em} lit. \end{em}}     %lit.
\newcommand{\Math}{\begin{em} Math. \end{em}}   %Math.
\newcommand{\Med}{\begin{em} Med. \end{em}}     %Med.
\newcommand{\Mil}{\begin{em} Mil. \end{em}}     %Mil.
\newcommand{\Mus}{\begin{em} Mus. \end{em}}     %Mus.
\newcommand{\Oekon}{\begin{em} Ökon. \end{em}}  %Ökon.
\newcommand{\Phy}{\begin{em} Phy. \end{em}}	%Phy.
\newcommand{\Pol}{\begin{em} Pol. \end{em}}	%Pol.
\newcommand{\Rdf}{\begin{em} Rdf. \end{em}}	%Rdf.
\newcommand{\Sp}{\begin{em} Sp. \end{em}}	%Sport
\newcommand{\Sprache}{\begin{em} (Sprache) \end{em}} %(Sprache)
\newcommand{\Tech}{\begin{em} Tech. \end{em}}   %Tech.
\newcommand{\Thea}{\begin{em} Thea. \end{em}}   %Thea.
\newcommand{\Typ}{\begin{em} Typ. \end{em}}     %Typ..
\newcommand{\1}{\rule[-0,5ex]{0,15pt}{2,5ex}}   %senkr. Trennungsstrich
\newcommand{\ts}[1]{\raisebox{-.8ex}{\scriptsize #1}} %tiefstellen
\newcommand{\vl}[1]{\parbox[t]{3.4cm}{{#1}\rule[-1.5mm]{0mm}{1ex}}}
\newcommand{\vr}[1]{\>\begin{otherlanguage}{austrian}
\parbox[t]{4.0cm}{{#1}\rule[-1.5mm]{0mm}{1ex}}
\end{otherlanguage}}